PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF ERGR-EMHC
ROUTING PROTOCOL USING LSWTS AND 3DUL
LOCALIZATION SCHEMES IN UWSNS

This paper studies the impact of different localization schemes on the performance of location-based routing for UWSNs. Particularly, LSWTS and 3DUL localization schemes available in the literature areused to study their effects on the performance of the ERGR-EMHC routing protocol. First, we assess theperformance of two localization schemes by measuring their localization coverage, accuracy, controlpackets overhead, and required localization time. We then study the performance of the ERGR-EMHCprotocol using location information provided by the selected localization schemes. The results arecompared with the performance of the routing protocol when using exact nodes’ locations. The obtainedresults show that LSWTS outperforms 3DUL in terms of localization accuracy by 83% and localizationoverhead by 70%. In addition, the results indicate that the localization error has a significant impact onthe performance of the routing protocol. For instance, ERGR-EMHC with LSWTS is better in deliveringdata packets by an average of 175% compared to 3DUL.